Surgical Management of Resistant Priapism

We report a 31 year old patient, presented with painful erection since 48 hours. There was no known predisposing factor on history and examination. Surgery for priapism is rarely indicated nowadays but conservative management failed to achieve detumescence in our case. So Winter’s shunt surgery was done which failed then a formal shunt was created between corpora cavernosa and spongiosum which also failed to achieve detumescence. After 4 days - a formal left side cavernosa saphenous shunt procedure was done and detumescence achieved within 24 hrs .Follow up showed good results.     

Proximal femoral fractures: Principles of management and review of literature

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to review the principles involved in the management of proximal femoral fractures as reported in the literature. Methods: A medical literature search in the MEDLINE (PubMed) and Cochrane database was undertaken to review strategies and principles in proximal femoral fracture treatment. Randomized control trials and meta analysis were given preference while case reports/small series were rejected. Results and conclusions: Early anatomical reduction and surgical fixation remains the best option to reduce the risk of complications like non-union and avascular necrosis in treating fracture neck femurs. Cancellous screws continue to be the preferred treatment for fixation of neck femur fractures in younger population until the benefit of using sliding hip screws is validated by large multicentric studies. In the geriatric age group, early prosthetic replacement brings down the mortality and morbidity associated with neck femur fractures. Sliding hip screw (DHS) is the best available option for stable inter trochanteric fractures. The use of intramedullary nails e.g. PFN is beneficial in treating inter trochanteric fractures with comminution and loss of lateral buttress. Intramedullary implants have been proven to have increased success rates in subtrochanteric fractures and should be preferred over extramedullary plate fixation systems.     

Spontaneous renal artery dissection complicated by renal infarction: A case report and review of the literature

IntroductionRenal artery dissection is a rare cause of abdominal pain. The renal arteries are the commonest site of primary dissection involving visceral vessels but spontaneous bilateral dissection is extremely rare.Presentation of caseWe present a case of spontaneous bilateral renal artery dissection in a previously fit 43-year-old man who presented with right iliac fossa pain. He was treated conservatively with anticoagulation for 6 months, with resolution of the dissections on imaging at 6-month follow-up.DiscussionThe presentation of spontaneous renal artery dissection is non-specific, making it a diagnostic challenge. Computed Tomography angiography is now the gold standard for diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.ConclusionThis case highlights the importance of considering other causes of abdominal pain in a young man with normal initial investigations and the role of conservative management.     

Topic-Based,Recent Literature Review on Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension is a complex condition but a relatively common manifestation of severe cardiopulmonary disease. By contrast, pulmonary arterial hypertension is uncommon and is more prevalent in young women. To better categorize patients and to guide clinical decision-making, 5 diagnostic groups and associated subgroups characterize the spectrum of disease. A multidisciplinary approach to evaluation and treatment is recommended by published guidelines and often entails referral to a designated pulmonary hypertension center. Several key publications during the last couple of years merit review. The PubMed database was searched for English-language studies and guidelines relating to pulmonary hypertension. The following terms were searched, alone and in combination: pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, portopulmonary hypertension, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. The focus was on those publications with new information on evaluation and management of pulmonary hypertension between January 1, 2019, and January 31, 2021. Of the subgroups, 2 were of particular interest for this review: portopulmonary hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Last, available data on the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and newer treatment agents in early trials were selectively reviewed. The review is therefore intended to serve as a practical, focused review of important topics germane to those clinicians caring for patients with pulmonary hypertension.     

惠州市放射诊疗频度的调查与分析

目的 掌握惠州市开展放射诊疗的医疗机构基本情况及放射诊疗频度水平,科学实施医疗机构放射诊疗防护管理,提高放射卫生监督管理水平。方法 按照《广东省2017年医疗卫生机构医用辐射防护监测工作方案》的要求,对惠州市开展放射诊疗活动的医疗机构进行普查和现场核查。采用EXCEL表格对调查数据进行统计分析,根据惠州市《2017年统计年鉴》中2016年常住人口计算放射诊疗频度。结果 惠州2016年总的放射诊疗应用频度为482.68人次/千人口,其中放射诊断应用频度为478.29人次/千人口,介入诊疗应用频度为1.76人次/千人口,核医学诊疗应用频度为2.48人次/千人口,放射治疗应用频度为0.16人次/千人口。结论 惠州市放射诊疗机构的分布、放射诊疗设备和放射工作人员的配置不均衡。惠州市2016年的放射诊疗频度明显高于1998年惠州市、广东省和全国的放射诊疗频度,低于1998年周边城市深圳市、东莞市、广州市的放射诊疗频度。     

南方离子型稀土开发利用中各固体物料放射性的研究

目的 为了解南方离子型稀土矿开采、选矿和冶炼等稀土开发利用过程中各固体物料的放射性水平,推动开展南方离子型稀土辐射环境监管法规标准体系制定的研究工作。方法 从多个广西本土相关稀土企业抽样选取各生产环节中产生的固体物料作为研究对象,进行各种固体物料的放射性水平监测分析。结果 监测发现广西的南方离子型稀土原矿、各类产品天然放射性核素放射性水平较低;南方离子型稀土矿中伴生的铀在选矿环节富集于除杂渣中、伴生的钍和镭在稀土冶炼分离环节富集于酸溶渣中,比活度基本超过1Bq/g;中和渣中天然放射性水平低于1Bq/g,但存在铀在此富集的现象。结论 针对监测掌握的广西离子型稀土开发利用企业固体物料天然放射性水平及管理现状,提出进一步加强该类型企业辐射环境管理的方法及建议。     

干预前、后骨科Ⅰ类切口手术围术期预防性应用抗菌药物分析

目的:探讨骨科Ⅰ类切口手术围术期预防性应用抗菌药物的管理效果及临床药师在管理中的积极作用。方法:临床药师参与骨科Ⅰ类切口手术围术期预防性应用抗菌药物的管理工作。分别调取干预前、第1阶段干预后、第2阶段干预后骨科Ⅰ类切口手术患者的病历资料,对用药进行合理性评价,并对抗菌药物的预防性应用情况进行对比分析。结果:与干预前比较,第2阶段干预后骨科Ⅰ类切口手术围术期抗菌药物预防性使用率由98.56%下降至28.95%,降幅达70.63%;第2阶段干预后抗菌药物使用强度由96.31 DDDs/(100人·d)降至32.18 DDDs/(100人·d),降幅达66.59%;抗菌药物的品种选择、给药时间、用药疗程等均趋于合理。结论:临床药师参与Ⅰ类切口手术围术期预防性应用抗菌药物的管理工作,可有效规范抗菌药物的临床应用,提高用药合理性。     

妇产科专科医院临床药师参与抗菌药物管理的实践

目的：探讨妇产科专科医院临床药师参与抗菌药物管理工作的实践与作用。方法：通过医院信息系统调取复旦大学附属妇产科医院（以下简称“我院”）2010—2013年门急诊、住院患者抗菌药物使用数据,分析临床药师参与抗菌药物管理前后抗菌药物临床应用主要监测指标的变化情况;抽取病史资料,分析干预前后围术期抗菌药物预防性应用情况。结果：通过临床药师的干预,我院门急诊患者抗菌药物处方率、住院患者抗菌药物使用率与使用强度、Ⅰ类切口手术抗菌药物预防性使用率等指标均有明显改善,住院患者特殊使用级抗菌药物使用率及使用强度略有波动,围术期预防性用药合理性有明显改善。结论：我院抗菌药物临床应用管理取得了较好的成效,临床药师在抗菌药物管理工作中发挥了重要作用。     

执业药师在疾病管理中的作用

疾病管理可提高医疗的服务质量,减少不必要的医疗费用,执业药师在疾病管理尤其是慢病管理中可发挥重要作用。本文介绍了执业药师在疾病管理中的作用,并提出执业药师在慢病管理中的策略。     

关于药学类高校开放实验室建设与发展的思考

开放实验室是药学类高校进行实验教学改革的重要组成部分,对提高本科毕业生的综合素质和专业技能有着重要作用。本文从药学开放实验室的意义、模式、要求和存在问题等几个方面探讨了药学类高校开放实验室建设与发展的问题。以期能和各位同行相互学习讨论,使得药学开放实验室工作能够更好地开展下去。